Seven deadly sins, in Roman Catholic theology, the seven vices that spur other sins and further immoral behavior. They were first enumerated by Pope Gregory I in the 6th century and later elaborated by St. The seven deadly sins can by overcome with seven corresponding virtues. The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things is a painting attributed to Hieronymus Bosch or to a follower of his, completed around 1500 or later. Since 1898 its authenticity has been questioned several times.
© Provided by Washington Examiner BizColumn.jpgJoe Biden keeps claiming to be a centrist Democrat.
Polls show that while most realize that President Trump would be better for our economy than Biden, they also think that old Uncle Joe's economic plan is relatively harmless and won't endanger jobs, paychecks, or their retirement savings.
Think again. Let's look at what's actually in Biden's economic plan, so everyone has their eyes wide open when they vote.
I've read the whole thing. There is nothing centrist in this economic scheme. In many ways, it is the most radical plan proposed by a major presidential nominee of either party in any of our lifetimes. Biden's plan is further to the socialist left than anything such liberal nominees of yesteryear, including Jimmy Carter, George McGovern, Barack Obama, or even Hillary Clinton, ever dreamed.
Here are the most dangerous ideas in the Biden plan, or what I call Biden's seven economic deadly sins:
1. The most significant tax increase in the history of America.
Biden would raise taxes by some $4 trillion, an average rise in taxes over the next decade of some $35,000 per household.
The plan clobbers small businesses with income tax soaring from 30% now to 51%. The capital gains tax would skyrocket from 24% to 40%, thus threatening to tank the stock market and reduce every family's retirement savings in America.
2. The end of right-to-work laws in America.
Biden's plan forces millions of workers to join a union and pay union dues whether they want to or not. Today, 26 states, including Arizona, Georgia, Michigan, and Texas, have right-to-work laws that give workers the right to choose to join the union. The National Right to Work Association warns these state laws are effectively repealed under the Biden plan. Big Labor bosses could snatch away thousands of dollars right out of workers' paychecks without their consent. Wondershare filmora 9 3 6 3.
3. Biden plan ends U.S. energy independence.
Under Trump, America has become energy independent for the first time in at least 50 years. Biden insists he won't ban fracking, but his radical energy agenda requires zero fossil fuels by 2035, which means hundreds of high-paying jobs lost in states such as Pennsylvania, Ohio, and Texas. Saudi oil sheikhs and Russia will love that plan, but it sure isn't good for America.
4. Higher death taxes.
The death tax is one of the most unfair taxes because the public already pays a lifetime of income taxes, payroll taxes, sales taxes, gas taxes, and property taxes. The Biden tax scheme of taxing 40% of a family farm, a ranch, or a family-owned business could require these legacy businesses to break up to pay the taxes. That's un-American.
5. Say hello again to the corrupt Paris climate treaty.
Trump wisely pulled the United States out because almost none of the countries have come close to meeting their pollution targets. They want America to pay all the bills, which Biden seems willing to do. We are already reducing carbon emissions more than virtually any other nation. China and India are adding multiple times as much pollution into the atmosphere as America is.
6. A $400 billion blue-state bailout.
Biden wants states that have already balanced their budgets, like Arizona, Tennessee, and Florida, to bail out bankrupt blue states such as California, Illinois, New Jersey, and New York. That isn't fair. This only rewards bad behavior and government lockdowns imposed by incompetent Democratic mayors and governors.
7. A $15-an-hour minimum wage.
This will destroy millions of jobs for young people and low-skilled workers. It will severely damage poorer states with lower costs of living, such as Mississippi, Arkansas, and South Carolina. Can you think of a worse time to saddle small businesses and restaurants with higher costs when so many firms are already facing bankruptcy due to the virus?
Is it any wonder that socialist Bernie Sanders and radical leftist Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez have enthusiastically embraced the Biden plan? Some economists, myself included, worry that we could be looking at a second Great Depression with the Biden policies. Something to think about over the next two weeks.
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Original Author:Stephen Moore
Original Location:Biden's seven economic deadly sins
The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things | |
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Artist | Hieronymus Bosch (disputed) |
Year | around 1500 |
Medium | Oil on wood |
Dimensions | 120 cm × 150 cm (47 in × 59 in) |
Location | Museo del Prado, Madrid |
The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things is a painting attributed to Hieronymus Bosch[1][2] or to a follower of his,[3] completed around 1500 or later. Since 1898 its authenticity has been questioned several times. In 2015 the Bosch Research Conservation Project claimed it to be by a follower, but scholars at the Prado, where the painting hangs, dismissed this argument. The painting is oil on wooden panels and is presented in a series of circular images.
Four small circles, detailing the four last things — Death, Judgment, Heaven, and Hell — surround a larger circle in which the seven deadly sins are depicted: wrath at the bottom, then (proceeding clockwise) envy, greed, gluttony, sloth, extravagance (later replaced with lust), and pride, using scenes from life rather than allegorical representations of the sins.[4]
At the centre of the large circle, which is said to represent the eye of God, is a 'pupil' in which Christ can be seen emerging from his tomb. Below this image is the Latin inscription Cave cave d[omi]n[u]s videt ('Beware, Beware, The Lord Sees').
Above and below the central image are inscription in Latin of Deuteronomy32:28–29, containing the lines 'For they are a nation void of counsel, neither is there any understanding in them', above, and 'O that they were wise, that they understood this, that they would consider their latter end!' below.
Disputed authorship and dating[edit]
In 1560, Felipe de Guevara wrote about a pupil of Bosch, an unnamed discipulo (pupil), who was as good as his master and even signed his works with his master's name.[5] Immediately after this, and without starting a new paragraph, Guevara refers to the painting of the Seven Deadly Sins as characteristic of his style. This led some scholars, as early as Dollmayr (1898) and most vocally Stechow (1966), to ascribe the work to this pupil.
Most experts have argued since, however, that given the highly ambiguous nature of the passage, Guevara had probably returned to a description of the works of Bosch himself. Furthermore, the accuracy and authority of Guevara is suspect: when in 1570 Guevara's heirs sold a copy of The Haywain Triptych to Phillip II of Spain, it was made clear that Guevara had regarded that work as the original painted by Bosch himself, whilst nowadays it is known that his was a copy (displayed in El Escorial), of the original hanging in Prado. Phillip II of Spain himself purchased the work (prior to 1560, probably from a monastery art sale) in the belief that The Seven Deadly Sins was a Bosch original, and he always regarded it as such. It was his favourite Bosch painting and it hung in his own bedroom in El Escorial. When he donated the painting to El Escorial in 1574, it was cataloged as being a Bosch original; Silva Maroto argued that it is hard to believe that Guevara would question the authorship of Phillip's favourite Bosch in such an ambiguous passage, which as Maroto pointed out is part of a manuscript that remained unpublished until 1788.[1]
The alleged poor quality of the drawing had led to the incorrect belief it dates from Bosch's early period. The attribution to the discipulo was revived in the catalogue of the 2001 Bosch exhibition in Rotterdam, by Vermet and Vandenbroeck, who also suggested that several of the costumes suggest a much later date, around 1500, so that the awkward drawing and execution cannot be attributed to youthful imperfection. They also noted that the painting is not on oak, adding to their doubts about the attribution to Bosch.[6]
Nowadays, most art historians agree that the costumes point at a date in between 1505 and 1510; it is argued that the key characteristics of the underlying drawing, the way the pictorial surface was developed, and the variety of strokes are entirely consistent with Bosch's later paintings. Furthermore, the theme, symbolism and the composition itself is profoundly original, which would make it extremely unlikely that an unknown pupil could have painted it.[7]
In 2005, Ed Hoffman argued for the work being a copy, perhaps ordered by Philip II of Spain after the original had been damaged. In his view, the amateurish style, the plump figures, the lack of white highlights and the fact that the wooden panel is not oak but poplar (which can't be dated with dendrochronology). An argument for the authenticity, or at least originality, of the work could be found in the pentimenti of the underpainting, which indicate it could not have been a simple faithful reproduction. In addition, there is no question the signature in the painting is that of Bosch himself, and not a forgery.[8]
Monity 1 4 5. In October 2015, the Bosch Research and Conservation Project,[9] which had been responsible, since 2007, for technical research on most of Bosch's paintings, rejected the attribution to Bosch and deemed it to be made by a follower, most likely the discipulo.[10] In response, the Prado Museum stated that they still consider the piece to be authentic.[11]
Pcalc 4 7 Deadly Sins Retribution
Content[edit]
Each panel in the outer circle depicts a different sin. Clockwise from top (Latin names in brackets):
- Gluttony (gula): A drunkard swigs from a bottle while a fat man eats greedily, not heeding the plea of his equally obese young son.
- Sloth (acedia): A lazy man dozes in front of the fireplace while Faith appears to him in a dream, in the guise of a nun, to remind him to say his prayers.
- Lust (luxuria): Two couples enjoy a picnic in a pink tent, with two clowns (right) to entertain them.
- Pride (superbia): With her back to the viewer, a woman looks at her reflection in a mirror held up by a demon.
- Wrath (ira): A woman attempts to break up a fight between two drunken peasants.
- Envy (invidia): A couple standing in their doorway cast envious looks at a rich man with a hawk on his wrist and a servant to carry his heavy load for him, while their daughter flirts with a man standing outside her window, with her eye on the well-filled purse at his waist. The dogs illustrate the Flemish saying, “Two dogs and only one bone, no agreement”.
- Greed (avaricia): A crooked judge pretends to listen sympathetically to the case presented by one party to a lawsuit, while slyly accepting a bribe from the other party.
The four small circles also have details. In Death of the Sinner, death is shown at the doorstep along with an angel and a demon while the priest says the sinner's last rites, In Glory, the saved are entering Heaven, with Jesus and the saints, at the gate of Heaven an Angel prevents a demon from ensnaring a woman. Saint Peter is shown as the gatekeeper. In Judgment, Christ is shown in glory while angels awake the dead, while in the Hell demons torment sinners according to their sins.
Details[edit]
Seven Deadly Sins[edit]
- Gluttony (Gula)
- Sloth (Accidia) Downie 3 4 download free.
- Lust (Luxuria)
- Pride (Superbia)
- Wrath (Ira)
- Envy (Invidia)
- Greed (Avaricia)
Four Last Things[edit]
- “Death of a sinner”, angel and devil weigh a man's soul
- “Hell” and the punishment of the seven deadly sins.
- “Glory” or Heaven
- “Last Judgment”
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Seven Deadly Sins and the Four Last Things. |
- Calendar Clock Face, c. 1500 in the collection of M - Museum Leuven
- Bhavacakra, a similar diagram in Buddhism
References[edit]
Pcalc 4 7 Deadly Sins Cast
- ^ abSilva Maroto, Pilar, ed. (2016). El Bosco. La exposición del V centenario. Madrid: Museo Nacional del Prado. ISBN978-84-848-0316-4..
- ^C. Garrido and R. Van Schoote (2001). Bosch At The Museo Del Prado: a technical Study. Aldeasa, Madrid. ISBN978-8480032650
- ^Ilsink, Matthijs; Koldeweij, Jos (2016). Hieronymus Bosch: Painter and Draughtsman – Catalogue raisonné. Yale University Press. p. 504. ISBN978-0-300-22014-8.
- ^Claudia Lyn Cahan and Catherine Riley (1980). Bosch~Bruegel and the Northern Renaissance. Avenal Books. ISBN0-517-30373-6.
- ^Felipe de Guevara (1560), Commentarios de la Pintura. English summary and commentary in: Stechow, Wolfgang, (1966), Northern Renaissance Art 1400-1600: Sources and Documents (paperback 1989, pp. 19-20).
- ^Koldeweij, J., P. Vandenbroeck, J. and Vermet, B. (2001), Jheronimus Bosch: The complete paintings and drawings, Harry N. Abrams, ISBN978-0810967359, pp. 93 and 178.
- ^C. Garrido and R. Van Schoote (2001). Bosch At The Museo Del Prado: A Technical Study. Aldeasa, Madrid. ISBN978-8480032650
- ^Ed Hoffman, 2005, 'Een echte 'Jheronimus Bosch'? : Tien aandachtspunten', Bossche Bladen3: 90-96
- ^'Bosch Research and Conservation Project'. boschproject.org.
- ^Twee beroemde werken toch niet van Jeroen Bosch, NOS, 31 October 2015
- ^Ferrer, Isabel (1 November 2015). '¿Pintó El Bosco los 'pecados' de El Prado?'. El País.
El Museo del Prado, de Madrid, por el contrario, cree que la tabla sí es del artista, y sus propias conclusiones aparecerán en mayo, cuando la exposición viaje a Madrid. [The Museo del Prado, Madrid, by contrast, believes that the table itself is by the artist, and their own conclusions appear in May when the exhibition travels to Madrid.]
Pcalc 4 7 Deadly Sins 3
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